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which can be referenced to the PQF, is to organise the qualifications and
competences of a given industry, thus enabling a better understanding and
comparability of its qualifications and creating better conditions for
occupational mobility, both locally and internationally. They also provide both
employers and employees with an intentional and individualized approach to
career development.
EQF levels PQF levels
1 1 General elementary education
2 2 General post-elementary education
3 3 Lower vocational education
4 4 General secondary education
5 5 “Empty level” – debate on the full qualification of the
level continued
6 6 Higher education: BA, engineer
7 7 Higher education: MA, post diploma non-degree
programmes
8 8 Higher education: PhD
Graph 1: Structure of the PQF compared to the EQF. Source: Krajowe Ramy Kwalifikacji
Portugal
Portugal took the decision to adopt the eight EQF levels and the EQF level
descriptors in setting up the comprehensive NQF. Aiming to integrate and
coordinate qualifications from all education and training subsystems into a
single framework, to aid the recognition of non-formal and informal learning, to
improve transparency and comparability of qualifications and to facilitate
double certification, the NQF is believed to have reduced barriers between the
different subsystems.
QNQ EQF LEVEL
Qualification Type
LEVEL
Second cycle of basic education 1 1
Third cycle of basic education 2 2
Third cycle of basic education and professional certification
Secondary education to proceed to higher education studies 3 3
Secondary education and professional certification
Secondary education and professional internship; minimum six 4 4
months
The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an
endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot
be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

